Materials front-load the job. Wire, conduit, gear, and fixtures are bought and staged early — often 30 to 50 percent of contract value out the door before the first pay application is even submitted. Supplier terms help but rarely stretch to the GC’s payment cycle, so every active project carries a materials float the contractor finances personally.
Long-lead equipment adds a second, slower float. The gear package on a commercial or industrial job gets ordered at award with a deposit, delivered months later, and billed when installed. That deposit is capital committed two quarters before it produces a billing — and on the data-center and industrial work driving the current cycle, gear packages are larger and lead times longer. Our Texas data center capital outlook models exactly this dynamic: the same $10M electrical award produces radically different cash profiles depending on procurement and billing structure.
Payment arrives on someone else’s calendar. Pay applications approved through the GC, net-30 to net-60 from approval, minus 5–10 percent retainage, sometimes behind a pay-when-paid clause. Meanwhile electricians are paid weekly — the payroll-between-draws problem in its purest form.
Add those floats across three or four simultaneous projects and the arithmetic explains the paradox: the biggest backlog in company history and the tightest operating account. That is not mismanagement. It is the trade’s structure, and it is financeable.